2^nd World Congress on Pain Medicine and Management September 14-15, 2020 Tokyo, Japan

Internal medicine is one of the branches in medicine, which dedicated to the diagnosis and therapeutic treatment of adults. A doctor who has practical experience in internal medicine is called as an internist. Internal medicine manages the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of many illnesses. Internal medicine covers an extensive variety of conditions influencing the inner organs of the body - the heart, the lungs, the liver, the kidneys, the cerebrum, the gastro-intestinal tract, the urinary tract, the spinal section, the nerves, the muscles and joints. The internist should then be skilled to recognize and deal with a wide range of diseases and, with the aging population, many patients with chronic and other disorders.

Surgery is one of the branches of medicine that deals with the medication of diseases and other disorders by instrumental and manual means. Surgery includes the management of acute injuries and sicknesses as separated from chronic, gradually advancing diseases, aside from when patients with the latter type of disease must be operated upon. There are many reasons to have surgery. A few operations can ease or hinder the pain. Others can reduce a symptom of an issue or enhance some body function. A few surgeries are done to discover an issue. The different types of surgeries are; general surgery, plastic surgery, orthopedic surgery, obstetrics and gynecology, neurosurgery, thoracic surgery, colon and rectal surgery.

Health care is the enhancement of wellbeing via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental disorders in human beings. Health care is delivered especially by trained and licensed professionals. It incorporates the work done in giving primary care, secondary care and tertiary care, and also in public health. The quantity and nature of many health care interventions are enhanced through the development of science. Numerous important advances have been made through health research, including biomedical research and pharmaceutical research, which frame the reason for evidence based prescription and evidence based practice in health care delivery.

A branch of medicine that in general deal with the female human body. Obstetrics and gynecology specializes in the care of women during pregnancy and childbirth and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the female reproductive organs. It also specializes in other women’s health issues, such as menopause, hormone problems, contraception, and infertility. The major special interest emerging in a particular area, such as high-risk obstetrics, fertility care or minimal access surgery.

Differently from the adult patients, in Pediatric age it is more difficult to assess and treat efficaciously the pain and often this symptom is undertreated or not treated. In children, selection of appropriate pain assessment tools should consider age, cognitive level and the presence of eventual disability, type of pain and the situation in which it is occurring. Improved understanding of developmental neurobiology and paediatric analgesic drugs pharmacokinetics should facilitate a better management of childhood pain.

The Infectious diseases caused by the parasitic microorganisms, these parasitic organisms attach themselves to the body, or to the inside of the body, of another organism. The invasion and multiplication of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and other parasites causing illness in the host organism which may leads to the death of an particular individual. Infectious diseases can be spread starting with one individual then onto the next through numerous routes; for example through contact with bodily fluids, by aerosols, or via a vector. Researchers are presently searching for new ways to treat infectious diseases, focusing on exactly how the pathogens change and drug resistance advances. Critical care medicine or Intensive care medicine incorporates the diagnosis and treatment and management of wide variety of life-threatening conditions in humans.  The critical care specialist might be the essential provider of care.

Public health is the study of ensuring the safety and enhancing the health of groups through training, policy making and research for disease. Public health consolidates the interdisciplinary methodologies of the epidemiology, bio-statistics and health care services. Natural health, group health, behavioral health, psychological health and occupational safety and health are other main sub fields. The concentration of public health intervention is to enhance health and quality of life through prevention and treatment of disorders and other physical and psychological wellness conditions. Community medicine is one of the important branches in medicine which deals with the health of the people of a community or region. The principle aim of community medicine is on the early diagnosis of disease, the recognition of environmental and occupational hazards to public health, and the prevention of disorders in the community.

The term traditional, complementary and alternative medicine is a most reasonable term to clarify such traditional treatments all around. Traditional medicine is an undefined idea that includes a scope of long-standing and still advancing practices based on diverse beliefs and theories. Health care can broadly be divided into modern medicine and traditional medicine. Many different areas make up the practice of complementary and alternative medicine and this field includes the more mainstream and accepted forms of therapy such as acupuncture, homeopathy, and Oriental practices. Traditional medicine and complementary and alternative medicine have, in the past 10 years, claimed an increasing share of the public’s awareness and the agenda of medical researchers. Public health research must consider social, cultural, political, and economic contexts to maximize the contribution of traditional and alternative medicine to health care systems globally.

The main principle of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation is to improve or restore the functional ability of an individual or quality of life to those with physical disabilities affecting the brain, spinal cord, nerves, bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons. Physical medicine will give incorporated and multidisciplinary care with a specific goal to recover the entire individual by tending to the individual's physical, therapeutic, professional, and social needs. Recovery is where it will help a person to accomplish the highest level of function, independence, quality and personal satisfaction as could be expected under the circumstances.

Reproductive medicine and regenerative medicine is one of the rapidly developing branches in the field of medicines. This branch involves development of technologies such as in vitro fertilization, sperm and egg selection, selective implantation of embryos and the development of stem cell technologies. Major reproductive medicine studies today mainly focus on diagnosis and treatment a number of various women’s health problems, such as pregnancy and birth related problems, polycystic ovary syndrome and other infertility issues.

The overall neuroscience market appraise was regarded at USD 28.42 billion in 2016 and is expected develop at a CAGR of 3.1% over the forecast time frame. High influencing factors, for example, advanced brain mapping research, neuroscience-based research and innovations by government bodies and innovative improvements are expected to push the market development. Many initiatives are undertaken by the healthcare groups to take nervous system related investigations and developments in future. A key factor that has accelerated the research and innovations in the field of neuroscience is the development in number of different harmful central nervous system disorders, for example, Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disorder.

Cancer pain takes many forms. It can be dull, achy, sharp or burning. It can be constant, intermittent, mild, moderate or severe. How much pain you feel depends on a number of factors, including the type of cancer you have, how advanced it is, where it's situated and your pain tolerance.

Neuropathic pain is often described as a shooting or burning pain. It can go away on its own but is often chronic. Sometimes it is unrelenting and severe, and sometimes it comes and goes. It often is the result of nerve damage or a malfunctioning nervous system. The impact of nerve damage is a change in nerve function both at the site of the injury and areas around it. Neuro-orthopaedic service offers the latest advances in diagnosis and treatment to patients whose arms or legs are impaired by brain injury, stroke, anoxia, central nervous disorders, or orthopaedic conditions.

Headache is our most common form of pain and a major reason cited for days missed at work or school as well as visits to the doctor.  The International Classification of Headache Disorders, published by the International Headache Society, is used to classify more than 150 types of primary and secondary headache disorders. Primary headaches occur independently and are not caused by another medical condition. Migraine, cluster, and tension-type headache are the more familiar types of primary headache.

Migraines are severe, recurring, and painful headaches. They can be preceded or accompanied by sensory warning signs and other symptoms.

The extreme pain that migraines cause can last for hours or even days.According to the American Migraine Association, they affect 36 million Americans, or approximately 12 percent of the population. Migraines can follow an aura of sensory disturbances followed by a severe headache that often appears on one side of the head. They tend to affect people aged 15 to 55 years.

To a certain extent, medical practitioners have always been specialized. Specialization was common among Roman physicians. The particular system of modern medical specialties evolved gradually during the 19th century. The particular subdivision of the practice of medicine into various specialties varies from country to country, and is somewhat arbitrary. Pain management specialists are most commonly found in the following disciplines: Physiatry (also called Physical medicine and rehabilitation), Anaesthesiology, Interventional radiology, Physical therapy. Specialists in psychology, psychiatry, behavioural science, and other areas may also play an important role in a comprehensive pain management program